In May 2010 the first commercial oil discovery was made, signaling the potential for the development of a long term hydrocarbon industry in the Falkland Islands. The islands' government has no debt. 36
[42][H] The British troops departed after completing their mission, leaving the area without formal government. Please ADD this page to your FAVORITES - - - - - Falkland Islands War, also called Falklands War, Malvinas War, or South Atlantic War, a brief undeclared war fought between Argentina and Great Britain in 1982 over control of the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and associated island dependencies. Other ethnicities include French, Gibraltarians, and Scandinavians. Such visits are arranged in conjunction with LAN Airlines (Chile) who, on such occasions, use larger aircraft than normal for the weekly flights.[54]. Overview In 2020 Falkland Islands was the number 169 economy in the world in terms of total exports and the number 208 in total imports. (2004 est.
)crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. [110] Strong westerly winds and cloudy skies are common. [121] Several of these species have harmed native flora and fauna, so the government has tried to contain, remove or exterminate foxes, rabbits and rats. [120], The port settlement of Stanley has regained the islands' economic focus, with an increase in population as workers migrate from Camp. Fishing licenses, tourism, and oil exploration round out the islands' economy. The Falkland Islands are a self-governing British Overseas Territory.
There is no unemployment on the islands; in fact there is a labor shortage. [47] For more than a century, the Falkland Islands Company dominated the trade and employment of the archipelago; in addition, it owned most housing in Stanley, which greatly benefited from the wool trade with the UK. ), number of registered air carriers: 1 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 5, total: 22,438 to 3,047 m: 1914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2021), total: 440 km (2008)paved: 50 km (2008)unpaved: 390 km (2008), total: 2by type: general cargo 1, other 1 (2021), defense is the responsibility of the UK, which maintains about 1,200 troops on the islands, Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks, about Photos of Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030, Children under the age of 5 years underweight, Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income, Household income or consumption by percentage share, Civil aircraft registration country code prefix, Center for the Study of Intelligence (CSI). The common Spanish name for the archipelago, Islas Malvinas, derives from the French les Malouinesthe name given to the islands by French explorer Louis-Antoine de Bougainville in 1764. [33] Neither species was discovered in substantial numbers near the Falklands until the late 1980s. Every dollar that we prudently save means that their life will be so much the more abundant. The Falkland Islands are a self-governing British Overseas Territory. [82][83] Law enforcement is the responsibility of the Royal Falkland Islands Police (RFIP). [65] On 17 September 2010, Rockhopper Exploration published the results of the borehole analysis the well was drilled in water 451m deep and a flow test showed that a payable oil column of 53m was capable of producing over 2,000 barrels per day (320m3/d). THE FALKLAND Islands has issued a desperate appeal to Boris Johnson in a bid to ensure the remote archipelago's economy - and particularly its fishing industry - is not devastated as the indirect . (2015 est.) A total of 2,524 people live in Stanley and 397 live in the countryside, known locally as "Camp". [27], The British and Spanish settlements coexisted in the archipelago until 1774, when Britain's new economic and strategic considerations led it to voluntarily withdraw from the islands, leaving a plaque claiming the Falklands for King George III. )imports: 0 metric tons (2020 est. The Falkland Islands also issue their own stamps. 209
)country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
[136] The main international airport, located at RAF Mount Pleasant on East Falkland, provides flights to RAF Brize Norton in the UK and mainland South America. The two main islands are called West Falkland and East Falkland with the capital Stanley located on East Falkland. The company was responsible for the majority of the economic activity on the islands, though its farms were sold in 1991 to the Falkland Islands Government. (2016 est.) (2013 est. Economy - overview:
[16] Although Lord Shackleton's Report (1982) recommended the setting up of a 200-nautical-mile (370km; 230mi) fisheries limit which gave an impetus to the fishing industry, the report did not go into much detail regarding the expansion of the industry. [see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
The Patagonian squid, unlike the Illex, remain in Falkland Island waters all year and are concentrated in the Loloigo boxan area within the Falklands Plateau to the east and south-east of the islands and are harvested during both the austral spring and autumn. $206.4 million (2015 est. [146], The Falkland Islands have a low population density. 156
)imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. )consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 est. Falkland coins are produced in the United Kingdom; coins are identical in size to the United Kingdom currency but with local designs on the reverse. They are home to large bird populations, although many no longer breed on the main islands due to predation by introduced species. (2016 est. [103] Although numerous storms are recorded each month, conditions are normally calm. [114] The Falklands are treeless and have a wind-resistant vegetation predominantly composed of a variety of dwarf shrubs. [25] The Falkland Islands Development Corporation which formed as a result of the Shackleton Report provided the impetus for the Falkland Islands to exploit their marine environment. The total land area is 12,170 Km2 (4,699 sq. A tax rate of 21% is applied to earnings between 15,001 and 27,000 per annum, and earnings over 27,000 per annum is charged at a rate of 26%. Two months later, on 6 May 2010, Rockhopper Exploration announced that "it may have struck oil". The minefields were fenced off and marked; there remain unexploded ordnance and improvised explosive devices. Since then the islands have issued their own stamps, which are a source of revenue from overseas collectors. [29], Thereafter the archipelago was visited only by fishing ships; its political status was undisputed until 1820, when Colonel David Jewett, an American privateer working for the United Provinces of the Ro de la Plata, informed anchored ships about Buenos Aires' 1816 claim to Spain's territories in the South Atlantic. [119], Virtually the entire land area of the islands is used as pasture for sheep. There is a flourishing business in the issue of commemorative coins struck on behalf of the Falkland Island Government for collectors in particular the 2007 series of coins that commemorated the 25th anniversary of the liberation of islands attracted much attention. The island's government has plans to install a 2MWh battery storage system which will allow surplus wind energy to be stored. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. [18] European claims of discovery date back to the 16th century, but no consensus exists on whether early explorers sighted the Falklands or other islands in the South Atlantic. )forest: 0% (2018 est. The legal term for the right of residence is "belonging to the islands". )consumption: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Economy 2020 information contained here. NOTE: 1) The information regarding Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) on this page is re-published from the 2020 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. There was also trade in cow hides from the wild descendants of cattle introduced by French settlers in the late 18th century. [18] In 1942, a battalion en route to India was redeployed to the Falklands as a garrison amid fears of a Japanese seizure of the archipelago. In the case of commemorative coins that are unlikely to be redeemed, this money represents a long-term investment. British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983, Timeline of the history of the Falkland Islands, British territories in the South Atlantic, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act, General Certificate of Secondary Education, Index of Falkland Islandsrelated articles, List of settlements in the Falkland Islands, "Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications", "Evidence of prehistoric human activity in the Falkland Islands". 220
[144] In the 2012 census, a majority of residents listed their nationality as Falkland Islander (59 per cent), followed by British (29 per cent), Saint Helenian (9.8 per cent), and Chilean (5.4 per cent). [69] Under the 2009 Constitution, the islands have full internal self-government; the UK is responsible for foreign affairs, retaining the power "to protect UK interests and to ensure the overall good governance of the territory". By the Falklands War of 1982 sheep farming was the islands' only industry[3] and their economic viability was in doubt, but after the war there was a new commitment from the Government of the United Kingdom. Oil exploration, licensed by the Falkland Islands Government, remains controversial as a result of maritime disputes with Argentina. [26] These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which help support . [59] Climatic conditions of the southern seas mean that exploitation will be a difficult task, though economically viable, and the continuing Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute with Argentina is hampering progress. 79.6, improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 78.2% of populationtotal: 95.3% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 21.8% of populationtotal: 4.7% of population (2020), improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 100% of populationtotal: 100% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 0% of populationtotal: 0% of population (2020), overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer - introduced to the islands in 2001 from South Georgia - are part of a farming effort to produce specialty meat and diversify the islands' economy; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the 1986 Chornobyl disaster; grazing threatens important habitats including tussac grass and its ecosystem with penguins and sea lions; soil erosion from fires, conventional long form: noneconventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)etymology: the archipelago takes its name from the Falkland Sound, the strait separating the two main islands; the channel itself was named after the Viscount of FALKLAND, who sponsored an expedition to the islands in 1690; the Spanish name for the archipelago derives from the French "Iles Malouines," the name applied to the islands by French explorer Louis-Antoine de BOUGAINVILLE in 1764, parliamentary democracy (Legislative Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK, overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina, name: Stanleygeographic coordinates: 51 42 S, 57 51 Wtime difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: named after Edward SMITH-STANLEY (1799-1869), the 14th Earl of Derby, a British statesman and three-time prime minister of the UK who never visited the islands, none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina), history: previous 1985; latest entered into force 1 January 2009 (The Falkland Islands Constitution Order 2008), chief of state: King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Alison BLAKE (since 23 July 2022)head of government: Chief Executive Andy KEELING (since April 2021)cabinet: Executive Council elected by the Legislative Councilelections/appointments: the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief executive appointed by the governor, description: unicameral Legislative Assembly, formerly the Legislative Council (10 seats; 5 members directly elected in the Stanley constituency and 3 members in the Camp constituency by simple majority vote, 2 appointed non-voting ex-officio members - the chief executive, appointed by the governor, and the financial secretary; members serve 4-year terms); note - several previous referendums - the latest in September 2020 - on whether to merge the Stanley and Camp constituencies into a single islands wide constituency, failedelections: last held on 4 November 2021 (next to be held in November 2025)election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independent 8; composition of elected members -men 6, women 2, percent of women 25%, highest court(s): Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, the chief justice as an ex officio non-resident member, and 2 justices of appeal); Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice); note - appeals beyond the Court of Appeal are referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)judge selection and term of office: chief justice, court of appeal president, and justices appointed by the governor; tenure specified in each justice's instrument of appointmentsubordinate courts: Magistrate's Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction, embassy: none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina), blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT, name: "Song of the Falklands"lyrics/music: Christopher LANHAMnote: adopted 1930s; the song is the local unofficial anthem; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom). 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