Discursos y prcticas en Madrid", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Falangism&oldid=1122715910, This page was last edited on 19 November 2022, at 06:18. The *Falange de las JONS* demands a new order, as set forth in the foregoing principles. In October 1933 Jos Antonio Primo de Rivera established the Falange Espaola (Spanish Falange). [7][8], The Falange's original manifesto, the "Twenty-Six Point Program of the Falange", declared Falangism to support the unity of Spain and the elimination of regional separatism, the establishment of a dictatorship led by the Falange, using political violence as a means to regenerate Spain, and promoting the revival and development of the Spanish Empire, all attributes that it had in common with fascism. Updates? It ardently embraces the whole Faith, sacramentary discipline and moral teaching of the Roman Church in its most traditional developed form. Such a situation contrasted sharply with the original Falangist theory, in which the syndicates were supposed to be dynamic revolutionary organisms, helping to carry out a national economic reformation. From that time on, great efforts were made to erase the overtly fascistic, imperialistic aspects of Falangist ideology. The family, cell of Christendom, Point 41. 22. People may say what they wish, but nothing will be reconstructed outside of or counter to these principles which we have inherited from our fathers. @>Wkg%dNc3m falangism ( spanish: falangismo) was the political ideology of two political parties in spain that were known as the falange, namely first the falange espaola de las juntas de ofensiva nacional sindicalista (fe de las jons) and afterwards the falange espaola tradicionalista y de las juntas de ofensiva nacional sindicalista (fet y de las jons). It is another wisdom and another art. The National-Syndicalist State will permit all kinds of private initiative that are compatible with the collective interest, and it will also protect and encourage the profitable ones. (Sus origines, su desarrollo, sus hombres), by Roberto Lanzas [pseud.]. https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/applied-and-social-sciences-magazines/falangism, "Falangism Our Most Cherished Heavenly Father Point 3. Stanley G. Payne. One Falangist leader soon went out of his way to indicate that empire meant only cultural influence and diplomatic leadership and not political or territorial domination. The manifesto also called for a national syndicalist economy and advocated agrarian reforms, industrial expansion, and respect for private property with the exception of nationalizing credit facilities to prevent usury. today. 1 0 obj
ONE daythere will arise phalanxes from every nation and from every class for the renaissance of the Church and the salvation of the world. [30], The Franco-era Falange supported the development of cooperatives such as the Mondragon Corporation because it bolstered the Francoist claim of the nonexistence of social classes in Spain during his rule. Against the Universalism of Maritain. There are no reviews yet. Unscramble. on January 30, 2022. The first was the creation of a nationwide system of workers and employers syndicates. Expansion and strengthening of the armed forces. 19.2 By redeeming from misery those masses of people who presently are barely eking out a living on sterile land, and by transferring such people to new and arable lands. The parish, a christian community, Point 40. Falangism places a strong emphasis on the Roman Catholic religious identity of Spain,[5] although it has held some secular views on the Catholic Church's direct influence on Spanish society,[5] since one of the tenets of the Falangist ideology holds that the state should have the supreme authority over the nation. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. 2. The flight was routing EWR-CDG, . 15. "[11], The Falange's original manifesto, the "Twenty-Seven Points", called for a social revolution to create a national syndicalist economy that creates national syndicates of both employees and employers to mutually organize and control the economic activity. Establishment of a nationalist dictatorship led by the party. In 1947 Franco arranged a plebiscite to turn his regime into a sort of regency, with some member of the Spanish Bourbon dynasty slated to succeed him when he wearied of his role as dictator or died. Therefore, Francos official establishment of the monarchy as his successor seemed to reduce the function of falangism even further. Having attained a position of pseudo responsibility without effective power, it had served as an effective scapegoat, to be blamed or downgraded whenever the regime felt a show of liberalization to be necessary. ." "[28] Private initiative and ownership was recognized as the most effective means of production, but owners and managers were given the responsibility of advancing that production for the common good. Falangism did and still does support natal policies to stimulate increased fertility rate among ideal physically and morally fit citizens. In October 1934 Jos Antonio Primo de Rivera was made jefe national (national chief) of the movement. Numerous political parties aspired to claim the Falange as their own over the next . A Dictionary of Sociology. 26. "[29] In October 1937, the new leader of the Falange, Raimundo Fernndez-Cuesta, declared national syndicalism to be fully compatible with capitalism, drawing praise from the non-falangist right. The Chargers became the first team Saturday night to lose a playoff game with a turnover differential of +5 or better. Point 4. We shall support the trend toward nationalization of banking services and, through a system of Corporations, the great public utilities. Add a meaning Learn more about the word "falange" , its origin, alternative forms, and usage from Wiktionary. Be the first one to, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). We believe in the supreme reality of Spain. Continuation of the one-party system was projected, and the Franco system of establishing a series of fundamental laws in lieu of a constitution was approved. It was perhaps impossible to expect that Falangism, as an ideology or as a movement, could survive and flourish in the postfascist epoch of western Europe. The 27 Point Program of the Falange . Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Related: Falangista. They were largely an amorphous collection of opportunists and timeservers, who supported the regime as a means of gaining employment. By that time the major interest in Spain was economic development, not politics. The Twenty-Six Point Program of the Falange (Spanish: Programa de Veintisis Puntos de la Falange), originally the Twenty-Seven Point Program of the Falange (Spanish: Programa de Veintisiete Puntos de la Falange), is a manifesto that was written by Jos Antonio Primo de Rivera in September 1934. The Falange emphasised the national traditions of Spain and combined these with fascist ideology. Their action will necessarily take its inspiration from the heritage of wisdom summarised in our 150 Points; it will be inspired by the Catholic religion, Action franaise, and the communitarian life. [33] Its Seccin Femenina, 'Female Section' instructed women to be good wives and mothers, teaching domestic economy and cultivating the folk dances of Spain in its Coros y Danzas, 'Choirs and Dances' troupes. Madrid: Vicesecretara de Educacin Popular. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Influenced by Italian fascism, the Falange joined forces (February 1934) with a like-minded group, Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista, and issued a manifesto of 27 points repudiating the republican constitution, party politics, capitalism, Marxism, and clericalism, and proclaiming the necessity of a national-syndicalist state, a strong government and military, and Spanish imperialist expansion. Encyclopedia.com. Against the Irreligious, the Atheists and the Agnostics Point 4. At the time this program was drafted the Falange probably had the support of only one per cent of the Spanish people. 14. on December 24, 2014. The Spanish political party commonly called the Falange was founded on 29 October 1933 as the Falange Espaola by Jos Antonio Primo de, Gonzlez Mrquez, Felipe: 1942 La fortifier, l'exalter et l'tendre est la tche collective urgente de tous les Espagnols. 10.1 We repudiate the capitalistic system which shows no understanding of the needs of the people, dehumanizes private property, and causes workers to be lumped together in a shapeless, miserable mass of people who are filled with desperation. My Kingdom Is not of this World, Point 52. Entries linking to Falange Falangist (n.) 1937, member of the Falange, the fascist party in Spain (founded 1933), from Spanish Falange (Espaola) " (Spanish) Phalanx," from Latin phalanx (genitive phalangis ); see phalanx. Presumably, it would never cease to do so. Spain has a single destiny in the world. The science and art of politics are oriented towards maintaining the tranquillity of the temporal order and safeguarding the common good, which are the deep desires of every nation. The amount of money provided the Falangist organization fell off rapidly by 1945, as the Spanish regime tried anxiously to provide itself with a new facade. Word Scrabble points Words with friends points; alnage: 7: 10: anlage: 7: 10: fanega: 10: 12: fangle: 10: 13: flange: 10: 13: galena: 7: 10: lagena: 7: 10 . During this period it was often found convenient to revert to the original definition of falangism and to call it Spanish fascism.. To this end, we demand agreement that will bring to culmination without further delay the economic and social reforms of the agricultural sector. A program of state-operated industrialization, directed by the National Institute of Industry (INI), lavished vast amounts of money on a great variety of industrial projects between 1951 and 1958. 23.2 All men shall receive paramilitary training to prepare them for the honor of being enlisted in the National and Popular Army of Spain. (b) Sweeping agrarian reform, reclaiming wasteland, improving techniques, concentrating scattered holdings, and reorganizing the great latifundia. [12], During the Spanish Civil War, the Falange and the Carlists both promoted the incorporation of Portugal into Spain, and the new Falange resulting from their unification in 1937 continued to do so. The Falange's original manifesto, the "Twenty-Seven Points", declared Falangism to support the unity of Spain and the elimination of regional separatism, the establishment of a dictatorship led by the Falange, utilizing violence to regenerate Spain, and promoting the revival and development of the Spanish Empire, all attributes that it had in . The egalitarian utopia: socialism, Point 116. Economic democracy is antisocial, Point 107. During the first months of the civil war the movement lost most of its original leaders, for Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera, Ramiro Ledesma, and others were shot by the Republicans. There was no mention of empire or violence. Instead, the new catechism stressed the pre-eminence of Catholicism, national unity, and social justice and the viability of a moderated capitalism. Univ of Wisconsin Press, 1999 pp. Madrid: Ediciones del Movimiento. After the war, the party was charged with developing an ideology for Franco's regime. Falange: A History of Spanish Fascism Paperback - January 1, 1967 by Stanley G. Payne (Author) 10 ratings Hardcover $37.91 4 Used from $37.91 Paperback $30.00 7 Used from $30.00 A study of Spanish politics, General Franco, and the Spanish Fascist Party from 1933 to 1959. Falangism (Spanish: falangismo) was the political ideology of two political parties in Spain that were known as the Falange, namely first the Falange Espaola de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FE de las JONS) and afterwards the Falange Espaola Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FET y de las JONS). Felipe Gonzlez Mrquez, Spanish prime minister from 1982 to 1996, helped transform his country's government from a re, Juan Carlos I (born 1938), proclaimed king of Spain on November 22, 1975, played an instrumental role in the transformation of his nation from a dict, The Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939 was the culmination of a prolonged period of national political unrest in a country that was increasingly polar, Spanish Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Twenty-Six Point Program of the Falange From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Part of a serieson Falangism Yoke and arrows Organizations Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista Falange Espaola Falange Espaola de las JONS Falanga National Radical Camp Falange Filipina Lebanese Phalanges Falange Espaola Tradicionalista y de las JONS (d) Basic respect for private property, but nationalization of all credit facilities to eliminate capitalist usury. It is intolerable that enormous masses of people should live wretchedly while a small number enjoy all kinds of luxuries. The Universal Civilising Action of the Church. Point 33. The Twenty-Six Point Program of the Falange By Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera NATION - UNITY - EMPIRE 1. We will strive to succeed in the struggle with only the forces subject to our discipline. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. Stanford (Calif.) Univ. The vengeance of the uprooteded, Point 114. [See alsoDICTATORSHIP; FASCISM; SOCIAL MOVEMENTS.]. |%vqWeM Shortly after its formation, the Falange merged with the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalist (JONS) and expanded its name to Falange Espaola de las JONS. Falangist ideologues now began to say that not everything done by liberal regimes was bad, that in fact the Falange itself was rather liberal, or at least broad-minded and forgiving. In the front, a flag carrier with the red-black-red flag (with yoke and arrows) of the Falange. Nonetheless, in this climate of civil war, the membership of the party swelled enormously, for falangism was the only radical new ideology with which the Spanish right could combat the militant left. falange f. mil. L'articolazione della prima falange deve poggiare direttamente sul sensore. as wildcard (max 2) . In the election of February 1936, which brought the Popular Front to power, the Falange polled in Madrid only 5,000 votes out of a total right-wing vote of 180,000, and its only representative in the Cortes, Primo de Rivera himself, was defeated. Fri Aug 06, 1999 9:27 pm; USER_STATUS: OFF_LINE; RE: Left Falange? Recognition and support of Catholicism as the official religion of Spain but rejection of any clerical influence in government. The but it lacked popular support and had already been Falange was a rabid foe of the Spanish Republic, driven underground by the police and rendered physically impotent when the rebellion against the republic broke out, on July 17, 1936. Leonard continued to pack the . Although he cared even less about ideology than before, Franco probably felt more comfortable with falangism and the party bureaucracy than with most other elements of his regime. Encyclopedia.com. fernndez cuesta, raimundo 1951 Intemperie, victoria y servicio: Discursos y escritos. In the general election that took place in February 1936, the . 16 Jan. 2023 . [21] During early years of the Falangist regime of Franco, the regime admired Nazi Germany and had Spanish archaeologists seek to demonstrate that Spaniards were part of the Aryan race particularly through their Visigothic heritage. "Falangism Towards the Worldwide Catholic Renaissance, Point 39. 31 min ago Clothing. The ideology was prominent in the Spanish Civil War and under Caudillo Francesco Franco's Spain. <>
That was already illogical before the Civil War, for Falange signed several pacts with moderate fascist parties like CEDA and in general all kinds of rightist forces, but after the unification of Falange . Due to the imperial rivalry between Great Britain and Spain in the New World, American relations with Sp, https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/applied-and-social-sciences-magazines/falangism, https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/falangism. True, it had to be reconciled with traditionalist, clericalist, and monarchist elements within the Nationalist movement, but this was effected by the decree of April 19, 1937, whereby the Falange, the Carlists, and other right-wing factions were forcibly merged into one body with the cumbrous title of Falange Espaola Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista. [11] Scholarly sources reviewing Falangism place it on the far right of the political spectrum. The original Falangist party, FE de las JONS, merged with the Carlists in 1937 following the Unification Decree of Francisco Franco, to form FET y de las JONS. By 1935 they were emphasizing that falangism was not intended to be fascist at all, but merely a native development of Spanish nationalism. Fascism in Spain, 19231977. [17] It was less concerned about biological Spanish racial regeneration than it was in advocating the necessity of Spanish Catholic spiritual regeneration. [31], Falangism is staunchly anti-communist. Many translated example sentences containing "falange" - English-Spanish dictionary and search engine for English translations. ." Falange: A History of Spanish Fascism (Stanford Studies in History, Economics, and Political Scienc) . FALANGE. Economic science is not innocent, Point 112. Point 9. The 27 Points of the Spanish Falange by Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera Publication date 1934-10 Topics Ramiro Ledesma, Primo de Rivera, Franco, fascism, manifesto, program, Ledesma, division azul, Espaa Collection opensource Language English Franco was supported by the Falange and the Carlist Comunin Tradicionalista, and united the two parties to forming the Falange Espaola Tradicionalista y de las JONS, or FET y de las JONS, whose official ideology was the Falangists' 27 puntos. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>>
The Falange Espaola de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FE de las JONS) was founded in 1934 by Jos Antonio Primo de Rivera as a result of a fusion of the Falange Espaola and the Juntas de Ofensiva . The last effort to define falangism politically and to turn it into a living, controlling force was made in 19561957. Individual, group, and class interests must inexorably give way in order to achieve . These made it clear that the Twenty-seven Points were quite dead. At the same time, by its rhetorical emphasis on economic reform and social justice, it probably constituted the most liberal force within the regime. This, however, had little to do with falangism per se, being directed by separate bureaucracies and paying little heed to the incomplete plans of the creators of falangism. . GORDON MARSHALL "falangism . 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